The Humanure Handbook: A Guide to Composting Human Manure by Joseph Jenkins

Author:Joseph Jenkins [Jenkins, Joseph]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Joseph Jenkins Inc.
Published: 2017-11-10T18:30:00+00:00

SURVIVAL OF ENTEROVIRUSES IN SOIL

Viruses - These parasites, which are smaller than bacteria, can only reproduce inside the animal or plant they parasitize. However, some can survive for long periods outside of their host.

Enteroviruses - Enteroviruses are those that reproduce in the intestinal tract. They have been found to survive in soil for periods ranging between 15 and 170 days. The following chart shows the survival times of enteroviruses in various types of soil and soil conditions.

Soil Type pH % Moisture Temp. (oC) Days of Survival (less than)

Sterile, sandy

Non-sterile, 7.5 10-20% . . . . . .3-10 . . . . . . . . . . . 130-170

10-20% . . . . . .18-23 . . . . . . . . . . . . 90-110

5.0 10-20% . . . . . .3-10 . . . . . . . . . . . 110-150

10-20% . . . . . .18-23 . . . . . . . . . . . . 40-90

7.5 10-20% . . . . . . .3-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . 110-170

sandy 10-20% . . . . . .18-23 . . . . . . . . . . . . 40-110

5.0 0-20% . . . . . .3-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . 90-150

10-20% . . . . . . .18-23 . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-60

Sterile, loamy 7.5 10-20% . . . . . .3-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . 70-150

10-20% . . . . . .18-23 . . . . . . . . . . . . 70-110

5.0 10-20% . . . . . . .3-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . 90-150

10-20% . . . . . . .18-23 . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-60

Non-sterile, 7.5 10-20% . . . . . . .3-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . 110-150

loamy 10-20% . . . . . .18-23 . . . . . . . . . . . . 70-110

5.0 10-20% . . . . . . .10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90-130

10-20% . . . . . . .18-23 . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-60

Non-sterile, 5 air dried . . . . . .18-23 . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-25 sandy

Source: Feachem et al., 1980

Table 7.9

SURVIVAL TIME OF E. HISTOLYTICA PROTOZOA IN SOIL

Protozoa Soil

E. histolytica . .loam/sand E. histolytica .soil . . . . . . . . .Moist . .? . . . . . . .42-72 hrs. E. histolytica . .soil . . . . . . . . .Dry . . . . .? . . . . . . .18-42 hrs.

Moisture Temp (oC) Survival .

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